Interpretación humana y pares derivativos / Human interpretation and derivative pairs
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Palabras clave: género, español, hipermarcación, individuación, pares derivativos
ABSTRACT
Spanish gender-marked “derivative pairs” (manzana, ‘apple’-fem/manzano, ‘apple tree’-masc) differ from human Ns (tío, ‘uncle’-masc/tía, ‘uncle´-fem) in that they do not show a sex based gender interpretation. The derivative pairs including the agentive suffixes /-ero/ and /-dor/ as well as the augmentative /-ón/ are very productive. By assuming that gender features [+fem] and [-fem] can be specified in Syntax, we propose that in human Ns as well as in productive derivative pairs, N is first marked with both gender features as [+fem, -fem]. We call this condition hypermarkedness and, through it, human interpretation of the nominal (which is not related, then, to a “primitive” feature [human]) and specification as [+fem] or [-fem] is possible. In suffixed productive derivative pairs, hypermarkedness cannot be interpreted in LF. However the derivation “is saved” by specifying a gender value, which is related to a higher degree of individuation. As for “fruit” pairs like manzana/manzano, the masculine is hipermarked. This can be interpreted in LF but it cannot be specified as [+fem] or [-fem].
Keywords: Spanish gender, hypermarkedness, individuation, derivative pairs
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